A Lincolnshire comb back in Kettle's Yard in Cambridge with notes provided by William Sergeant.
Lincolnshire Windsor & Rush seated chairs, including a catalogue of the Lincolnshire Chairs exhibition held at Alford Manor April to October 2019. Text & pictures by William Sergeant & Julian Parker. Some chairs from other regions are covered either to distinguish them from Lincolnshire chairs or for their inherent beauty. Occasional posts on other subjects happen from time to time. William Sergeant's talks about the chairs may be found in the Useful Links
Showing posts with label turned stiles. Show all posts
Showing posts with label turned stiles. Show all posts
Saturday, 3 April 2021
Thursday, 18 June 2020
Lincolnshire comb back armchair by Marsh Sleaford, with curved crest rail, with 8 long spindles, the outer of which are turned stiles above the arm bow, which is chamfered at its ends, 6 short spindles, turned underarms, straight seat sides, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher with darts WS 208
This comb back Lincolnshire armchair is from the wonderful collection of former Regional Furniture Society member, James Drake. I was delighted when he said that I could include it here, as it's so important and you all will be able to appreciate it. It has an impressed name stamp towards the rear of the upper surface of the seat which reads MARSH, so from the workshop of father and son, Thomas and James Marsh of Sleaford. The legs and underarm turned supports are typical of their patterns but the chair is of overall compact proportions, the like of which I have never seen before. The particular pleasing feature are the two outside long back support spindles (stiles), which start at the seat level and pass through the armbow the continue with the decorative turning up to the back comb, an elegant touch. This could easily become my favorite Lincolnshire armchair.
© William Sergeant 2019
Saturday, 13 June 2020
3 x Lincolnshire comb back Windsor side chairs with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 3-piercing fleur de lys and teardrop piercing splat, 4 long sticks, straight seat sides, 2 ring front leg turnings with vase-shaped feet, plain back leg turnings with vase feet, H stretcher WS 49
A set of three Lincolnshire comb back side chairs, probably made in Grantham or possibly Stamford.
© William Sergeant 2011 and 2020
Saturday, 30 May 2020
2 x Lincolnshire comb back Windsor side chairs by Marsh Sleaford with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 5 long spindles, straight seat sides, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher with 6 bobbin turning, H stretcher with darts WS 176
Two complementary beautifully balanced Lincolnshire Windsor side chairs by Thomas or James Marsh of Sleaford. Their turning and proportions stand out amongst Lincolnshire makers.
© William Sergeant and Julian Parker 2020
Tuesday, 26 May 2020
Lincolnshire comb back rocking side chair with turned stiles, 6 long spindles, straight seat sides, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher WS 93
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| Lincolnshire comb back side rocking side chair WS 93 |
© William Sergeant 2013 and 2020
Sunday, 24 May 2020
Lincolnshire comb back side chair stamped Camm Grantham with turned stiles, 6 long spindles, straight seat sides, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher WS 90
Whilst visiting other peoples houses I have poor manners. I pay far too much attention to their furniture, particularly their chairs. On a previous visit to a house in the village of Navenby, I had spotted what looked like some Lincolnshire side chairs nestling under the kitchen table. On my most recent visit (2013) I was allowed closer inspection of the same and to my surprise and joy one of them was impressed with the maker's name : CAMM GRANTHAM. What a find! As far as I am aware there has been no record of a stamped comb back side chair by this maker although a quick search of Dr B D Cotton's The English Regional Chair (1990) shows a near identical chair stamped J HILL (figures NE 104 and NE 105 on p. 134 ). Where is Navenby? It's north of Grantham on the road to Lincoln.
© William Sergeant 2013 and 2020
Friday, 22 May 2020
Comb back Lincolnshire Windsor armchair probably Camm Grantham with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 8 long spindles 6 short, turned underarm supports, straight seat sides, ring & cove turned front legs with 1 lower ring, H stretcher WS 12
An unstamped comb back Windsor armchair from Grantham, identical to this stamped chair by Thomas Camm of Grantham. I had missed the stamped one at the auction in Buckinghamshire but I had taken many pictures for my own records so when this little beauty turned up at a Cambridgeshire auction unstamped and unloved I was certain who made it. I compared individual turnings side by side on the computer - they could have been made the same week from the Grantham workshop of Thomas Camm. It came home with me for a very reasonable price!
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Thursday, 21 May 2020
Comb back Lincolnshire Windsor armchair stamped Camm Grantham with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 8 long spindles 6 short, turned underarm supports, straight seat sides, ring & cove turned front legs with 1 lower ring, H stretcher WS 13
A comb back Windsor chair, stamped on the seat edge: Camm Grantham. This identifies the maker's workshop as Thomas Camm of Grantham, working about 1825. This one turned up in an evening auction in Buckinghamshire and I travelled down to view: it was from a house clearance and in excellent condition. When the auction got under way there were very few people in the room and the auctioneer struggled to get bids on anything. The moment arrived for this lot. My hopes were sky high and heart beating fast: I started the bidding at a low amount and outbid a couple in the room; it was going to be mine for a modest sum; then came the moment I was fearful of: an anonymous phone bidder. Well, dear reader, you can imagine what happened next: I continued bidding but every time the phone outbid me. I went way over my limit to several hundred pounds but in the end I let it go. What disappointment! After that the auctioneer stopped the auction and asked me "What was that all about?" I explained that the chair really was the essence of Lincolnshire chairmaking and design, stamped by a maker who did not work for long in Grantham. He told me that the person on the phone was a London dealer who was known to him but had never shown an interest in chairs before. Well, he certainly had to pay a lot of money for it and good luck to him.
William Sergeant 2011 and 2020
Tuesday, 19 May 2020
Lincolnshire or Worksop Roman Windsor side chair stamped J.S with eared curved crest rail, turned stiles, 3 turned spindles, bell-shaped seat, elaborately turned legs with vase-shaped feet x 4, H stretcher with wide bobbin WS 33 & WS 32
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| Lincolnshire or Worksop Roman Windsor side chair stamped J.S WS 32 |
However, there is also a drawing in John Shadford's note book of this type of chair (on the 9th image down on that webpage). That image is also reproduced in The English Regional Chair (1990) at figure NE173 on p. 147.
The other is a maker who worked for Gillings for many years called John Stenton (1807-1863) He married Frances Gilling, aunt of Benjamin Gilling & William Gilling. Stenton was next door neighbour to Henry Gabbitass in the 1841 census, then described as Ag(ricultural) Lab(ourer) but by the 1851 census he is described as Chairmaker, ditto in the 1861.
Intriguingly this chair has two letters tantalisingly impressed on the seat rear edge: J.S; who put then there? I have been told of a spindle back Caistor chair that also had the letters J S impressed on it: did John Shadford make both of them? This chair has many similarities to the chair in the drawing in the link above in which two tiny ears are hinted at on the under-ends of the crest rail. So Shadford is one candidate.
The other is a maker who worked for Gillings for many years called John Stenton (1807-1863) He married Frances Gilling, aunt of Benjamin Gilling & William Gilling. Stenton was next door neighbour to Henry Gabbitass in the 1841 census, then described as Ag(ricultural) Lab(ourer) but by the 1851 census he is described as Chairmaker, ditto in the 1861.
Henry Gabbitass took over the Gabbitass firm from Elizabeth Gabbitass, John Gabbitass's widow in 1844 when Elizabeth remarried Henry Thorpe. Henry Gabbitass & Benjamin Gilling were in partnership until 1854 when the dissolution is in the London Gazette on 18 July.
John & Fanny Stenton had three sons who also became chairmakers, John (1829-1883) & Richard (1838-1881) & Walter (1848-1926). By 1851 John junior is a chairmaker in Worksop. Ditto in 1861. John senior died in December 1863 in Sheffield. By the 1871 census both John junior & Richard are chairmakers in Sheffield Brightside. In the 1881 census John junior is chairmaker in Barnsley where he dies in 1883. Richard Stenton sets up Windsor chairmaking in Market Rasen in April 1865. In February 1865 Richard is sued for unpaid bills in Worksop: "John Thompson, draper, of Lincoln, sued Richard Stenton, chair maker, Market Rasen (late of Worksop), for the sum of £4 8s 11d., for goods sold and a balance, and obtained an order for 10s. per month." Richard's firm must have foundered as by the 1871 census he and John junior were living in the same house in Sheffield. In March 1872 "Richard Stenton, on bail, chair maker, was acquitted on a charge of stealing two chair frames, two stools, two chairs, other articles, property of his masters, Messrs. Hydes and Wigful, upholsterers, at Sheffield, on 9 December. Mr. Tennant prosecuted." In the 1881 census, Richard visited Walter, still chairmaking in Worksop, which he is already by the 1871 census. Richard died sometime after 1881. A Richard Stenton of the right age died in Manchester in 1887. Walter in the 1891 census is described as Chairmaker & shopkeeper. In the 1901 he is still chairmaker in Worksop but by the 1911 he is "formerly chairmaker unoccupied thro ill health". Walter died in Grimsby in 1926.
So "J.S" on that chair could also be either John Stenton senior (chairmaking some time after 1841 until 1856 or John Stenton junior who made chairs in Worksop from 1851 to 1861 and probably for longer.
PS John Stenton (probably junior) batted at No 7 for Messrs. Gabbitass & Hoggard's Windsor Chair Makers' XI in their game against Messrs. Garside & Sons (Timber Merchants) played at Worksop Manor Park on 16 September 1850. Stenton scored 2* out of a paltry 42 all out in the first innings and 5 out of an even more lamentable 33 in the second innings. 40 wickets fell that day for only 211 runs. The wicket must have been a cabbage patch. Or perhaps they were using chair legs for bats! Stenton caught no catches and took no wickets. Messrs. Garside's XI contained no less than 6 men bearing that name. They all enjoyed the beers afterwards at The Boundary Inn owned by Mr B Garside.
PS John Stenton (probably junior) batted at No 7 for Messrs. Gabbitass & Hoggard's Windsor Chair Makers' XI in their game against Messrs. Garside & Sons (Timber Merchants) played at Worksop Manor Park on 16 September 1850. Stenton scored 2* out of a paltry 42 all out in the first innings and 5 out of an even more lamentable 33 in the second innings. 40 wickets fell that day for only 211 runs. The wicket must have been a cabbage patch. Or perhaps they were using chair legs for bats! Stenton caught no catches and took no wickets. Messrs. Garside's XI contained no less than 6 men bearing that name. They all enjoyed the beers afterwards at The Boundary Inn owned by Mr B Garside.
© William Sergeant 2012 and Julian Parker 2020
Saturday, 16 May 2020
Lincolnshire comb back Windsor side chair stamped CAMM GRANTHAM with turned stiles, 6 long spindles, straight seat sides, ball turning and thin cove front legs, plain back legs, H stretcher WS 94
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| Lincolnshire comb back Windsor side chair with turned stiles, 6 long spindles, straight seat sides, ball turning and thin cove front legs, plain back legs, H stretcher WS 94 |
© William Sergeant 2013
Friday, 15 May 2020
2 x Lincolnshire and a Beverley Windsor side chair, with curved crest rails, turned stiles, 6 , 7 and 5 long spindles, straight seat sides, ring and cove front legs with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretchers, 2 with darts WS 124
Take a good look at the three chairs above. Many of you will recognise the right-hand chair as a splendidly crafted chair from Sleaford and stamped by Marsh, with 5 spindles across the back. The left-hand unstamped chair is of a similar date and is what you may expect to have been made in Grantham, with 6 spindles across the back. Now study the middle chair: it is such a mystery!
I happened across this chair at the Newark Antique fair at the beginning of April 2014. From a distance it was instantly recognisable as a Lincolnshire side chair but on closer inspection there were many aspects that I had not seen before. The row of 7 spindles was a first for me and the design turnery of the two outside spindles (stiles) is quite different from anything previously recorded . The elm seat is wider and deeper than the standard small seat you would expect and although the chair had been well used it is quite evident it was made by a very competent workshop. It appears to have been reduced in height in the past (hence the ramekin plinths!) and the seat has twisted to give a slightly distorted appearance.
I quizzed the dealer as to the history of this chair and was told that it came from a house clearance in Beverley, Yorkshire, East Riding. It was then that I remembered that I had spoken to the same person last year when he had 3 other chairs of the same design. Foolishly I had not photographed them and he told me they had been purchased by an American dealer, so there is little chance of ever seeing those again. I secured the purchase of this single chair so I could record it here, calling it a Beverley chair for want of a better name or until I discover who made it. The dealer also told me that he had had other similar chairs through his business in the past . Any other information on this design would be welcome: it may well be that there is a previously unrecorded maker from the East Riding of Yorkshire who was responsible for these lookalike Lincolnshire side chairs.
I happened across this chair at the Newark Antique fair at the beginning of April 2014. From a distance it was instantly recognisable as a Lincolnshire side chair but on closer inspection there were many aspects that I had not seen before. The row of 7 spindles was a first for me and the design turnery of the two outside spindles (stiles) is quite different from anything previously recorded . The elm seat is wider and deeper than the standard small seat you would expect and although the chair had been well used it is quite evident it was made by a very competent workshop. It appears to have been reduced in height in the past (hence the ramekin plinths!) and the seat has twisted to give a slightly distorted appearance.
I quizzed the dealer as to the history of this chair and was told that it came from a house clearance in Beverley, Yorkshire, East Riding. It was then that I remembered that I had spoken to the same person last year when he had 3 other chairs of the same design. Foolishly I had not photographed them and he told me they had been purchased by an American dealer, so there is little chance of ever seeing those again. I secured the purchase of this single chair so I could record it here, calling it a Beverley chair for want of a better name or until I discover who made it. The dealer also told me that he had had other similar chairs through his business in the past . Any other information on this design would be welcome: it may well be that there is a previously unrecorded maker from the East Riding of Yorkshire who was responsible for these lookalike Lincolnshire side chairs.
© William Sergeant 2014 and 2020
3 x Lincolnshire Windsor side chairs by Marsh of Sleaford, with curved crest rail with turned stiles and 5 long spindles x 1, hoop back x 2 with 7 & 6 long spindles, 1 straight sided and 2 bell-shaped seats, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher with darts x 2 H stretcher with 6 bobbin turning x 1 WS 116
Right, I hope you are sitting comfortably as what you are about to read has never been published before: it's about Thomas Marsh. He was baptised in Bilborough, Nottinghamshire on 20th August 1779* to parents Hugh and Helen Marsh. I believe he had an older brother Joseph, who was baptised in Strelley, Notts in 1776 and another older brother Hugh who was baptised in 1771 at St. Michael's, Derby. He went on to marry in St Wulfram's, Grantham (which was quite usual for people from Little Gonerby) on 26th July 1802. His bride on that day was Helen Thompson who had been born at Londonthorpe (a tiny village about a mile northeast of Grantham) and on their marriage register they were both noted as living in Little Gonerby. At the time of their wedding Thomas was 22 and Helen 21. Their wedding must have been a slightly sad affair as his mother-in-law had died just the month before and had been buried in Grantham (as she had been a resident of Little Gonerby) on the 21st June 1802. Their union was soon blessed with a child as on 19th August 1803 James was baptised in St. Marys, Nottingham. The next reference that I found for them was at Little Gonerby again when the baptism of their daughter Jane was recorded on the 21st Feb 1808. At some stage they moved to Sleaford as they had a daughter Ann baptised on 11th July 1810 at Quarrington (which is often referred to as Old Sleaford).
This has left me wondering what he was doing living in Little Gonerby, marrying a local girl and then going back to Nottingham. It could be explained if he had gone to do an apprenticeship with a Master as there is a history of chairmakers there. He met and fell in love with Helen but as is usual, he was not allowed to marry until he had finished his time, and then went back to his former home with his new bride. The intrigue does not stop there as the marriage was witnessed by Richard Hubbard and his wife Elizabeth. Richard Hubbard was a chair maker in Grantham - it would be no great surprise if he turned out to have been Thomas Marsh's Master.
Thomas appears to have been a chair maker all his life, eventually being buried at Sleaford on 25th April 1844 at the age of 67.** James was died in September 1870.
Here is a short video on Marsh chairs.
© William Sergeant 2013 and 2020
* and ** This would indicate that he was born in 1777: the baptism at Bilborough in August 1779 is the only Thomas Marsh baptised in the vicinity of Nottingham at around the relevant time.
Tuesday, 12 May 2020
Comb back Lincolnshire side chair by Marsh of Sleaford with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 5 long spindles, straight seat sides, ring and cove turnings on the front legs with 1 lower ring, plain back legs and H stretcher with darts WS 14
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| Comb back Lincolnshire side chair by Marsh of Sleaford WS 14 |
As I have said elsewhere, Marsh made really good chairs and for a very good reason. On the front page of the newly started Sleaford Gazette in the summer of 1858 there was an advertisement by Mr Darlow's Upholstery Establishment which sold cottage furniture including Windsor chairs at 2 shillings each, on South Street, Sleaford. Also on Westgate, Sleaford there was Mr William Robinson selling London, Birmingham and Sheffield goods including Windsor chairs, wholesale and retail! Messrs. Marsh must have made really good chairs at competitive prices to compete with the shops in town.
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Saturday, 9 May 2020
Lincolnshire comb back Windsor armchair, with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 7 long spindles, 8 shirt, turned underarms, bell-shaped seat sides, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher with 6 bobbin turning WS 101
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| Lincolnshire comb back Windsor armchair, probably by Marsh of Sleaford WS 101 |
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Monday, 4 May 2020
Lincolnshire Windsor side chair with notched crest rail, turned stiles, 5 long spindles, bell-shaped seat, 2 ring legs with vase-shaped feet x 4, H stretcher WS 64
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| Lincolnshire Windsor side chair with notched crest rail WS 64 |
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Tuesday, 28 April 2020
Lincolnshire Caistor lath back high back Windsor armchair with curved crest rail, 5 laths turned stiles, turned underarm supports morticed into saucer arms, straight seat sides, 2 ring leg turnings with vase-shaped feet H stretcher with 4 bobbin turning WS 31
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| Lincolnshire Caistor lath back high back Windsor armchair WS 31 |
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Monday, 27 April 2020
Lincolnshire Caistor lath back high back Windsor armchair with curved crest rail, 5 laths, turned stiles, turned underarm supports morticed into saucer arms, straight seat sides, 3 ring leg turnings with vase-shaped feet H stretcher WS 30
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| Lincolnshire Caistor lath back high back Windsor armchair WS 30 |
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Tuesday, 21 April 2020
Lincolnshire comb back Windsor side chair, probably John Wilson, with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 6 long spindles, straight seat sides, ring and cove front leg turnings with 1 lower ring, plain back legs, H stretcher WS 119
I happened across the middle of these three chairs in a local shop and while the dealer had correctly identified it as a Grantham side chair, there was no mention of the maker. However, although there was no maker's stamp or mark on it, I was sure it was by one of two Grantham makers. I took it along to fellow collector Brian Gray to compare it with his signed chairs: the one on the left is stamped Wilson and the right hand one stamped Taylor. We were left in no doubt that the similarity to the Wilson chair won the day. This is Lincolnshire vernacular furniture at its best!
© William Sergeant 2020
Sunday, 12 April 2020
Lincolnshire comb back Windsor side chair, probably by a Grantham maker, with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 6 long spindles, straight seat sides, 2 ring front leg turnings with vase feet, plain back legs and H stretcher WS 17
This chair shows all the hallmarks of a Grantham side chair though it is unsigned: it shares many features with figures NE 119 and NE 120 on p. 136 of Dr B D Cotton's The English Regional Chair (1990).
© William Sergeant 2012 and 2020
Friday, 10 April 2020
Lincolnshire comb back side chair, probably from Grantham, with curved crest rail, turned stiles, 4 long spindles, 3-piercing fleur de lys and teardrop piercing splat, straight seat sides, 2 ring front leg turnings with vase feet, plain back legs with vase feet, H stretcher WS 96
© William Sergeant 2013 and 2020
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